The Future: six drivers of global change Part 70
Ibid.
172 to an astonishing 3.6 billion, by the end of this century
David E. Bloom, "Africas Daunting Challenges," New York Times, May 5, 2011.
173 fertility rate in scores of less developed countries-the majority of them in Africa
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population to Reach 10 Billion by 2100 If Fertility in All Countries Converges to Replacement Level."
174 management knowledge and technology available to women
Malcolm Potts and Martha Campbell, "The Myth of 9 Billion," Foreign Policy, May 9, 2011; Justin Gillis and Celia W. Dugger, "U.N. Forecasts 10.1 Billion People by Centurys End," New York Times, May 4, 2011.
175 lowest level since the Great Depression
Bonnie Kavousi, "Birth Rate Plunges, Projected to Reach Lowest Level in Decades," Huffington Post, July 26, 2012.
176 creation of social conditions that can and do have an impact on population
T. Paul Shultz, Yale Economic Growth Center, "Fertility and Income," October 2005, www.econ.yale.edu/~pschultz/cdp925.pdf.
177 thirteen of the fourteen are in sub-Saharan Africa
Bloom, "Africas Daunting Challenge."
178 ability of girls to become literate and to obtain a good education
United Nations, Report of the International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo, September 513, 1994, http://www.un.org/popin/icpd/conference/offeng/poa.html.
179 about family size and other issues
Ibid.
180 how many children they wish to have and the s.p.a.cing
Ibid.
181 "the most powerful contraceptive"
Ibid.
182 including 98 percent of s.e.xually active Catholic women
Nicholas D. Kristof, "Beyond Pelvic Politics," New York Times, February 11, 2012.
183 where thirty-nine out of the fifty-five African countries have high levels of fertility
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population to Reach 10 Billion by 2100 If Fertility in All Countries Converges to Replacement Level."
184 population will triple in the balance of this century
Ibid.
185 2.5 children during their childbearing years
Bloom, "Africas Daunting Challenge."
186 average is almost 4.5 children per woman
Ibid.
187 leading to disruptive and unsustainable population growth
Ibid.
188 by the end of the century to an estimated 129 million