An English Grammar Part 68
To.
325. Some uses of to are the following:--
(1) _Expressing motion_: (_a_) To a place.
Come _to_ the bridal chamber, Death!--HALLECK.
Rip had scrambled _to_ one of the highest peaks.--IRVING.
(_b_) Referring to time.
Full of schemes and speculations _to_ the last.--PARTON.
Revolutions, whose influence is felt _to_ this hour.--PARKMAN.
(2) _Expressing result._
He usually gave his draft to an aid...to be written over,--often _to_ the loss of vigor.--BENTON
_To_ our great delight, Ben Lomond was unshrouded.--B. TAYLOR
(3) _Expressing comparison._
But when, unmasked, gay Comedy appears, 'Tis ten _to_ one you find the girl in tears.
--ALDRICH
They are arrant rogues: Cacus was nothing _to_ them.--BULWER.
Bolingbroke and the wicked Lord Littleton were saints _to_ him.--WEBSTER
(4) _Expressing concern, interest._
_To_ the few, it may be genuine poetry.--BRYANT.
His brother had died, had ceased to be, _to_ him.--HALE.
Little mattered _to_ them occasional privations--BANCROFT.
(5) _Equivalent to_ according to.
Nor, _to_ my taste, does the mere music...of your style fall far below the highest efforts of poetry.--LANG.
We cook the dish _to_ our own appet.i.te.--GOLDSMITH.
(6) _With the infinitive_ (see Sec. 268).
Exercise.--Find sentences containing three uses of _to_.
With.
326. With expresses the idea of accompaniment, and hardly any of its applications vary from this general signification.
In Old English, _mid_ meant _in company with_, while _wi_ meant _against_: both meanings are included in the modern _with_.
The following meanings are expressed by _with_:--
(1) _Personal accompaniment._
The advance, _with_ Heyward at its head, had already reached the defile.--COOPER.
For many weeks I had walked _with_ this poor friendless girl.--DE QUINCEY.
(2) _Instrumentality._
_With_ my crossbow I shot the albatross.--COLERIDGE.
Either _with_ the swingle-bar, or _with_ the haunch of our near leader, we had struck the off-wheel of the little gig.--DE QUINCEY.
(3) _Cause, reason, motive._
He was wild _with_ delight about Texas.--HALE.
She seemed pleased _with_ the accident.--HOWELLS.
(4) _Estimation, opinion._
How can a writer's verses be numerous if _with_ him, as _with_ you, "poetry is not a pursuit, but a pleasure"?--LANG.
It seemed a supreme moment _with_ him.--HOWELLS.
(5) _Opposition_.
After battling _with_ terrific hurricanes and typhoons on every known sea.--ALDRICH.
The quarrel of the sentimentalists is not _with_ life, but _with_ you.--LANG.
(6) _The equivalent of_ notwithstanding, in spite of.
_With_ all his sensibility, he gave millions to the sword.--CHANNING.
Messala, _with_ all his boldness, felt it unsafe to trifle further.--WALLACE
(7) _Time._
He expired _with_ these words.--SCOTT.